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What is ZEC?

Zcash (ZEC) is a cryptocurrency focused on privacy. It combines the security features of Bitcoin with advanced cryptography to give users the option to keep their transactions anonymous.

  1. Privacy-first design – Uses a technology called zero-knowledge proofs (zk-SNARKs) to confirm transactions without revealing who sent or received money, or how much was sent.
  2. Two types of transactions – Users can choose between transparent (public) addresses or shielded (private) addresses.
  3. Limited supply – There will only ever be 21 million ZEC coins, similar to Bitcoin’s fixed supply.

Deep Dive

1. Purpose & Value Proposition

Zcash was created to solve a common problem in cryptocurrencies: lack of privacy. Unlike Bitcoin, where anyone can see wallet balances and transaction history, Zcash lets users keep their transactions confidential if they want. This is especially useful for people and organizations that need financial privacy, such as nonprofits, activists, or companies protecting sensitive business information (Z.Cash).

2. Technology & Architecture

Zcash is built on Bitcoin’s underlying technology but adds zk-SNARKs, a cryptographic method that proves transactions are valid without revealing private details. Unlike some privacy coins that make all transactions private by default, Zcash gives users the choice:

  • Transparent addresses: Transactions are public and can be audited, like Bitcoin.
  • Shielded addresses: Transaction details are hidden, protecting user privacy and making coins interchangeable.
    Recent improvements, like the Halo 2 upgrade, removed the need for a trusted setup process, making the system more secure (CoinDesk Research).

3. Tokenomics & Governance

ZEC has a fixed total supply of 21 million coins, with mining rewards halving every four years. The rewards are split as follows:

  • 80% go to miners who secure the network.
  • 20% go to a community-controlled fund used for ongoing development and upgrades.
    Decisions about the protocol are made through decentralized governance, where ZEC holders vote privately using shielded transactions, ensuring the community’s interests are represented (Electric Coin Co.).

Conclusion

Zcash offers a fresh take on digital money by putting privacy first, while still allowing transparency when needed. Its dual-address system and advanced cryptography make it a flexible option for those seeking financial control. Could Zcash’s optional privacy become the new standard for balancing regulatory compliance and anonymity in the future of Web3?


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