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What is XRP?

XRP is a digital currency designed for fast, low-cost international payments using the decentralized XRP Ledger (XRPL). It helps connect different currencies and makes sending money across borders easier and quicker.

  1. Made for payments – Transactions settle in 3-5 seconds with almost no fees.
  2. Reliable blockchain – Scalable, energy-efficient, and built for financial services.
  3. Fixed supply & management – All 100 billion XRP were created upfront, with Ripple controlling reserves held in escrow.

Deep Dive

1. Purpose & Value

XRP was launched in 2012 to fix problems with sending money internationally. Unlike Bitcoin, XRP focuses on speed (handling over 1,500 transactions per second), very low cost (about $0.0002 per transaction), and low energy use (XRPL.org). Banks and financial companies like Santander and SBI Holdings use XRP as a “bridge currency.” This means they don’t have to keep money locked up in foreign accounts, which cuts costs and speeds up transfers from days to just seconds.

2. Technology & How It Works

The XRP Ledger uses a consensus protocol instead of energy-heavy mining (Proof of Work). Validators agree on transactions every 3-5 seconds, allowing fast processing without wasting energy. Important features include:

  • A built-in decentralized exchange (DEX) for trading different assets.
  • Support for tokenized currencies, stablecoins, and NFTs.
  • Programmable “Hooks” that let developers add simple smart contract functions (CoinMarketCap).

3. Token Supply & Governance

All 100 billion XRP were created at the start. Ripple holds about 48 billion XRP in escrow, releasing 1 billion each month to manage supply, while around 52 billion XRP are in circulation. Transaction fees burn small amounts of XRP, making the supply slightly deflationary. The network is governed by validators who must agree on updates, though Ripple plays a significant role by contributing to the code.

Conclusion

XRP offers a fast, efficient payment system with strong infrastructure aimed at financial institutions. While Ripple’s involvement raises some concerns about centralization, XRP’s technology and real-world use in money transfers and treasury management highlight its value.

What’s next? Will XRP grow to support central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) and tokenized assets, or will stablecoins limit its future role?


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